A data patch is a class that contains data modification instructions like update, Insert, delete.
A schema patch is a class that contains schema modification instructions like create, drop, alter.
1. It is defined in a <Vendor>/<Module_Name>/Setup/Patch/Data/<Patch_Name>.php
file and implements \Magento\Framework\Setup\Patch\DataPatchInterface
2. Patches will only be applied Once.
3. A list of applied patches is stored in the patch_list
database table.
4. A patch will be applied when running the setup:upgrade
from the Magento CLI.
To access the example on github Click here. Or click on this link
https://github.com/thekraftors/Magento2-schema-patch
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